Note that low carbon intensity and renewable fuels covered in this paper are different than biodiesel fuel.

Low carbon intensity fuels are typically paraffinic hydrocarbons, hence these fuels, whether at 100% or blended, can be used as drop-in replacements for diesel fuel. These fuels have many benefits:

• They can be renewable, which can significantly reduce the carbon footprint or Greenhouse Gas (GHG) impact of the engine up to 90%
• They have a high cetane number.
• They can be formulated to provide low temperature capability. Consult with your supplier to ensure the fuel meets the ambient temperature requirements of the application.
• They can reduce the emissions of certain products of incomplete combustion, such as unburned hydrocarbons (UHC), soot, and carbon monoxide (CO). They may also reduce NOx emissions under certain engine loads and cycles.

In order to be applicable for Perkins diesel engines, Perkins recommends that renewable and low carbon intensity fuels meet the latest version of any of the following specifications:

• EN15940, which defines quality requirements for BTL, GTL and HVO. This is the preferred specification for renewable and low carbon intensity fuels covered in this paper. 
• ASTM D975, which is the specification for diesel fuel in the United States. 
• EN 590, except for its density provisions. This is the specification for diesel fuel in Europe..
• The Perkins Diesel Fuel Specification, except for its density provisions.

Renewable and low carbon intensity fuels that meet the requirements listed above can be used at:

• 100 percent (may be called RD100, HVO100, or GTL 100);
• Any blend level with diesel fuel; • Any blend level with a maximum of 20% biodiesel* 
• Any blend level with a combination of diesel fuels and a maximum 20% biodiesel* 

* see your engine’s Operation Maintenance Manual for specific biodiesel limits on your engine